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10.1172/jci.insight.193221
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Ying, W. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Yu, J. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Wang, X. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Liu, J. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Deng, B. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Shao, X. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Wang, J. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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Tao, T.
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1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Cao, J. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by He, Q. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Yang, B. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Chen, Y. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Find articles by Ying, M. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
Published December 16, 2025 - More info
Fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma (FP-RMS), driven by PAX-FOXO1, represents the subtype of RMS with the poorest prognosis. However, the oncogenic mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of PAX-FOXO1 remain incompletely understood. Here, we discovered that N-Myc, in addition to being a classic downstream target of PAX-FOXO1, can also activate its expression and form a transcriptional complex with PAX-FOXO1, thereby markedly amplifying oncogenic signaling. The reciprocal transcriptional activation of PAX3-FOXO1 and N-Myc is critical for FP-RMS malignancy. We further identified YOD1 as a deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) that stabilizes both PAX-FOXO1 and N-Myc. Knocking down YOD1 or inhibiting it by G5 could suppress FP-RMS growth both in vitro and in vivo, through promoting the degradation of both PAX-FOXO1 and N-Myc. Collectively, our results identify that YOD1 promotes RMS progression by regulating the PAX3-FOXO1-N-Myc positive feedback loop, and highlight YOD1 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy that concurrently reduces the levels of both oncogenic proteins.