Establishment of a reproducible and minimally invasive ischemic stroke model in swine

Carlos Castaño; Marc Melià-Sorolla; Alexia García-Serran; Núria DeGregorio-Rocasolano; Maria Rosa García-Sort; María Hernandez-Pérez; Adrián Valls Carbó; Osvaldo A. Pino; Jordi Grifols; Alba Iruela-Sánchez; Alicia Palomar-García; Josep Puig; Octavi Martí-Sistac; Antoni Davalos; Teresa Gasull

doi:10.1172/jci.insight.163398

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Castaño, C. in: PubMed | Google Scholar |

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

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¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by García-Serran, A. in: PubMed | Google Scholar |

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by DeGregorio-Rocasolano, N. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by García-Sort, M. in: PubMed | Google Scholar |

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Hernandez-Pérez, M. in: PubMed | Google Scholar |

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Valls Carbó, A. in: PubMed | Google Scholar |

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Pino, O. in: PubMed | Google Scholar |

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Grifols, J. in: PubMed | Google Scholar |

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Iruela-Sánchez, A. in: PubMed | Google Scholar |

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Palomar-García, A. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Puig, J. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Martí-Sistac, O. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Davalos, A. in: PubMed | Google Scholar |

¹Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

²Department of Neurosciences, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

³Diagnostic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

⁴Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

⁵Canon Medical Systems, Canon Medical Systems, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain

⁶Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Find articles by Gasull, T. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

JCI Insight. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.163398.
Copyright © 2023, Castaño et al. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Published February 28, 2023 - Version history

The need for new advances in the management/treatment options for ischemic stroke patients requires that upcoming preclinical research uses animals with more human-like brain characteristics. The porcine brain is considered appropriate although the presence of the rete mirabile (RM) prevents direct catheterization of the intracranial arteries to produce focal cerebral ischemia. To develop a reproducible minimally invasive porcine stroke model, a catheter+guide was introduced through the femoral artery until reaching the left RM. Using the pressure cooker technique (PCT), Squid-12 embolization material was deposited to fill, overflow and occlude the left RM, the left internal carotid artery (ICA) and left circle of Willis (CW) wing up to the origins of the middle cerebral arteries’ (MCAs), thus mimicking the occlusion produced in the filament model in rodents. Longitudinal multimodal cerebral MR imaging was conducted to assess the brain damage and cerebral blood supply. The technique we describe here occluded up to the origins of the MCAs in 7 out of 8 swine, inducing early damage 90 min post-occlusion that later evolved to a large cerebral infarction, and producing no mortality during the intervention. This novel minimally invasive ischemic stroke model in swine produced reproducible infarcts and shows translational features common to human stroke.

Version 1 (February 28, 2023): In-Press Preview
Version 2 (April 24, 2023): Electronic publication

Establishment of a reproducible and minimally invasive ischemic stroke model in swine

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