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Hemoglobin oxidation–dependent reactions promote interactions with band 3 and oxidative changes in sickle cell–derived microparticles
Sirsendu Jana, Michael Brad Strader, Fantao Meng, Wayne Hicks, Tigist Kassa, Ivan Tarandovskiy, Silvia De Paoli, Jan Simak, Michael R. Heaven, John D. Belcher, Gregory M. Vercellotti, Abdu I. Alayash
Sirsendu Jana, Michael Brad Strader, Fantao Meng, Wayne Hicks, Tigist Kassa, Ivan Tarandovskiy, Silvia De Paoli, Jan Simak, Michael R. Heaven, John D. Belcher, Gregory M. Vercellotti, Abdu I. Alayash
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Research Article Hematology Vascular biology

Hemoglobin oxidation–dependent reactions promote interactions with band 3 and oxidative changes in sickle cell–derived microparticles

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Abstract

The contribution of intracellular hemoglobin (Hb) oxidation to RBC-derived microparticle (MP) formation is poorly defined in sickle cell disease (SCD). Here we report that sickle Hb (HbS) oxidation, coupled with changes in cytosolic antioxidative proteins, is associated with membrane alterations and MP formation in homozygous Townes–sickle cell (Townes-SS) mice. Photometric and proteomic analyses confirmed the presence of high levels of Hb oxidation intermediates (ferric/ferryl) and consequent β-globin posttranslational modifications, including the irreversible oxidation of βCys93 and the ubiquitination of βLys96 and βLys145. This is the first report to our knowledge to link the UPS (via ubiquitinated Hb and other proteins) to oxidative stress. Ferryl Hb also induced complex formation with band 3 and RBC membrane proteins. Incubation of Townes-SS MPs with human endothelial cells caused greater loss of monolayer integrity, apoptotic activation, heme oxygenase-1 induction, and concomitant bioenergetic imbalance compared with control Townes-AA MPs. MPs obtained from Townes-SS mice treated with hydroxyurea produced fewer posttranslational Hb modifications. In vitro, hydroxyurea reduced the levels of ferryl Hb and shielded its target residue, βCys93, by a process of S-nitrosylation. These mechanistic analyses suggest potential antioxidative therapeutic modalities that may interrupt MP heme-mediated pathophysiology in SCD patients.

Authors

Sirsendu Jana, Michael Brad Strader, Fantao Meng, Wayne Hicks, Tigist Kassa, Ivan Tarandovskiy, Silvia De Paoli, Jan Simak, Michael R. Heaven, John D. Belcher, Gregory M. Vercellotti, Abdu I. Alayash

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Figure 3

Changes in antioxidative proteins parallel hemoglobin S oxidation in microparticles.

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Changes in antioxidative proteins parallel hemoglobin S oxidation in mic...
(A) Individual plots represent mean ± SEM of relative abundance determined from summed ion current intensity values for each oxidative enzyme, representing AA and SS microparticles (n = 3) at 0- and 30-hour incubations (37°C); measurements were determined by peptide MS1 chromatogram intensities that were combined for each protein into protein-level data. (B and C) Volcano plots (0 and 30 hours) represent average relative fold differences determined by plotting P values (–log10) for each protein against the calculated fold change (log2) difference (of that protein) in SS MP relative to AA MP peptide MS1 chromatogram intensities that were combined for each protein into protein-level data. ub@ and phosphoserine@ refer to the posttranslational modifications ubiquitination and serine phosphorylation (at the specified amino acid position), respectively. All peptide-spectrum matches were obtained using a strict 1% protein FDR. P values were generated by applying a t test statistic to log2-transformed fold change values for each mouse biological condition. All points (for both volcano plots) on or above the horizontal line parallel to the x axis represent proteins with P values of 0.05 or lower. All points on or to the left of the first vertical line parallel to the y axis represent proteins that were downregulated in SS mice 1.5-fold or greater. All points on or to the right of the second vertical line parallel to the y axis represent proteins that were upregulated in SS mice 1.5-fold or greater. Bars represent average mean value; each dot in the bars represents an individual data point, and vertical error bars represent SEM. Student’s t test, 2-tailed, *P < 0.05 vs. corresponding AA 0-hour samples.

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