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Addendum Free access | 10.1172/jci.insight.96203

Increased de novo ceramide synthesis and accumulation in failing myocardium

Ruiping Ji, Hirokazu Akashi, Konstantinos Drosatos, Xianghai Liao, Hongfeng Jiang, Peter J. Kennel, Danielle L. Brunjes, Estibaliz Castillero, Xiaokan Zhang, Lily Y. Deng, Shunichi Homma, Isaac J. George, Hiroo Takayama, Yoshifumi Naka, Ira J. Goldberg, and P. Christian Schulze

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Published July 20, 2017 - More info

Published in Volume 2, Issue 14 on July 20, 2017
JCI Insight. 2017;2(14):e96203. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.96203.
Copyright © 2017, American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published July 20, 2017 - Version history
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Related article:

Increased de novo ceramide synthesis and accumulation in failing myocardium
Ruiping Ji, … , Ira J. Goldberg, P. Christian Schulze
Ruiping Ji, … , Ira J. Goldberg, P. Christian Schulze
Cardiac ceramides accumulate in the failing myocardium, and inhibition of de novo ceramide synthesis reduces cardiac remodeling.
Research Article Cardiology Metabolism

Increased de novo ceramide synthesis and accumulation in failing myocardium

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Abstract

Abnormal lipid metabolism may contribute to myocardial injury and remodeling. To determine whether accumulation of very long–chain ceramides occurs in human failing myocardium, we analyzed myocardial tissue and serum from patients with severe heart failure (HF) undergoing placement of left ventricular assist devices and controls. Lipidomic analysis revealed increased total and very long–chain ceramides in myocardium and serum of patients with advanced HF. After unloading, these changes showed partial reversibility. Following myocardial infarction (MI), serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT), the rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo pathway of ceramide synthesis, and ceramides were found increased. Blockade of SPT by the specific inhibitor myriocin reduced ceramide accumulation in ischemic cardiomyopathy and decreased C16, C24:1, and C24 ceramides. SPT inhibition also reduced ventricular remodeling, fibrosis, and macrophage content following MI. Further, genetic deletion of the SPTLC2 gene preserved cardiac function following MI. Finally, in vitro studies revealed that changes in ceramide synthesis are linked to hypoxia and inflammation. In conclusion, cardiac ceramides accumulate in the failing myocardium, and increased levels are detectable in circulation. Inhibition of de novo ceramide synthesis reduces cardiac remodeling. Thus, increased de novo ceramide synthesis contributes to progressive pathologic cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.

Authors

Ruiping Ji, Hirokazu Akashi, Konstantinos Drosatos, Xianghai Liao, Hongfeng Jiang, Peter J. Kennel, Danielle L. Brunjes, Estibaliz Castillero, Xiaokan Zhang, Lily Y. Deng, Shunichi Homma, Isaac J. George, Hiroo Takayama, Yoshifumi Naka, Ira J. Goldberg, P. Christian Schulze

×

Original citation: JCI Insight. 2017;2(9):1–19. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.82922

Citation for this addendum: JCI Insight. 2017;2(14):e96203. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.96203

Following the publication of our article, we became aware of a related publication by Reforgiato and coauthors that described increased de novo ceramide synthesis and inflammation adjacent to the necrotic core area in a mouse model of 30 minutes of ischemia and reperfusion injury (1). Similar to the findings of our study in a chronic model of ischemic cardiomyopathy 3 months following myocardial infarction and in a large cohort of patients with advanced heart failure, Reforgiato et al. found that ceramide accumulation was accompanied by increased levels of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), which could be inhibited by administration of myriocin, an inhibitor of SPT. Their study, which was performed in an animal model of acute ischemic injury, independently supports the findings of our systematic lipidomic study in patients with advanced heart failure before and after mechanical unloading and cardiomyopathy as well as Sptlc2-deletion mice.

We believe the detailed lipidomic analysis in our study provides an important advance to the field. This analysis allowed the differentiation of various ceramide species, and we related specific ceramide chain lengths to the biologic phenotypes described. Further, we linked ceramide metabolism and de novo ceramide synthesis using various expression plasmids (sptlc1, -2 and -3) in cell culture experiments to changes in ceramide species accumulation and dysregulation of oxidative and glycolytic metabolism as typical for the failing myocardium. Thus, we linked the lipids to changes in their metabolic pathways.

Together, these studies highlight a key role of de novo ceramide synthesis of distinct ceramide species and their accumulation following acute ischemic injury and in chronically failing myocardium.

Ruiping Ji, Columbia University Medical Center

Konstantinos Drosatos, Temple University

Ira J. Goldberg, New York University

P. Christian Schulze, University of Jena

Footnotes

See the related article at Increased de novo ceramide synthesis and accumulation in failing myocardium.

References
  1. Reforgiato MR, et al. Inhibition of ceramide de novo synthesis as a postischemic strategy to reduce myocardial reperfusion injury. Basic Res Cardiol. 2016;111(2):12.
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