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Heart-resident CCR2+ macrophages promote neutrophil extravasation through TLR9/MyD88/CXCL5 signaling
Wenjun Li, … , Kory J. Lavine, Daniel Kreisel
Wenjun Li, … , Kory J. Lavine, Daniel Kreisel
Published August 4, 2016
Citation Information: JCI Insight. 2016;1(12):e87315. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.87315.
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Research Article Inflammation Transplantation

Heart-resident CCR2+ macrophages promote neutrophil extravasation through TLR9/MyD88/CXCL5 signaling

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Abstract

It is well established that maladaptive innate immune responses to sterile tissue injury represent a fundamental mechanism of disease pathogenesis. In the context of cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury, neutrophils enter inflamed heart tissue, where they play an important role in potentiating tissue damage and contributing to contractile dysfunction. The precise mechanisms that govern how neutrophils are recruited to and enter the injured heart are incompletely understood. Using a model of cardiac transplant–mediated ischemia reperfusion injury and intravital 2-photon imaging of beating mouse hearts, we determined that tissue-resident CCR2+ monocyte–derived macrophages are essential mediators of neutrophil recruitment into ischemic myocardial tissue. Our studies revealed that neutrophil extravasation is mediated by a TLR9/MyD88/CXCL5 pathway. Intravital 2-photon imaging demonstrated that CXCL2 and CXCL5 play critical and nonredundant roles in guiding neutrophil adhesion and crawling, respectively. Together, these findings uncover a specific role for a tissue-resident monocyte-derived macrophage subset in sterile tissue inflammation and support the evolving concept that macrophage ontogeny is an important determinant of function. Furthermore, our results provide the framework for targeting of cell-specific signaling pathways in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.

Authors

Wenjun Li, Hsi-Min Hsiao, Ryuji Higashikubo, Brian T. Saunders, Ankit Bharat, Daniel R. Goldstein, Alexander S. Krupnick, Andrew E. Gelman, Kory J. Lavine, Daniel Kreisel

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Figure 2

Intravital 2-photon imaging reveals impaired neutrophil trafficking in heart grafts that lack CCR2+ monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages.

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Intravital 2-photon imaging reveals impaired neutrophil trafficking in h...
(A) Dot plots depict flow cytometric analysis of macrophage/monocyte populations in B6 CD45.2+ heart grafts 2 hours after transplantation into congenic B6 CD45.1+ hosts. CCR2–MHCIIhi, CCR2–MHCIIlo, and CCR2+MHCIIhi macrophages and CCR2+MHCIIlo monocytes are present. Macrophage/monocyte populations are gated on donor hematopoietic (CD45.2+CD45.1–) and myeloid (CD11b+CD64+) cells. Plots are representative of 4 independent experiments with comparable results. (B) Quantification of donor monocyte/macrophage populations represented as percentage of CD45.2+CD11b+CD64+ cells based on gating depicted in A. Neutrophil (green) trafficking in (C) control diphtheria toxin–treated (DT-treated) WT (see Supplemental Video 3; n = 4 mice)or (D) DT-treated CCR2-DTR (DT receptor) heart grafts (see Supplemental Video 4; n = 5 mice). Blood vessels appear red after injection of quantum dots (n = 4 mice). (E) Percentage of neutrophils that extravasated during imaging period was significantly higher in hearts derived from DT-treated WT donors compared with heart grafts harvested from DT-treated CCR2-DTR mice. (F) Neutrophil rolling velocities were comparable in coronary veins of cardiac grafts derived from DT-treated WT and DT-treated CCR2-DTR mice. (G) Intraluminal crawling velocities were significantly lower in hearts harvested from DT-treated CCR2-DTR compared with DT-treated WT mice. **P < 0.01 (t test). Data in E, F, and G are derived from 4 mice receiving hearts from DT-treated WT mice and 5 recipients of cardiac grafts derived from DT-treated CCR2-DTR donors. For F and G, symbols represent averages obtained from individual mice with over 30 neutrophils examined per mouse, horizontal bars denote means, and error bars denote ±SEM.

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