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Usage Information

Placental mTOR complex 1 regulates fetal programming of obesity and insulin resistance in mice
Brian Akhaphong, … , Maria Ruth B. Pineda-Cortel, Emilyn U. Alejandro
Brian Akhaphong, … , Maria Ruth B. Pineda-Cortel, Emilyn U. Alejandro
Published May 25, 2021
Citation Information: JCI Insight. 2021;6(13):e149271. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.149271.
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Research Article Endocrinology Metabolism

Placental mTOR complex 1 regulates fetal programming of obesity and insulin resistance in mice

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Abstract

Fetal growth restriction, or low birth weight, is a strong determinant for eventual obesity and type 2 diabetes. Clinical studies suggest placental mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling regulates fetal birth weight and the metabolic health trajectory of the offspring. In the current study, we used a genetic model with loss of placental mTOR function (mTOR-KOPlacenta) to test the direct role of mTOR signaling on birth weight and metabolic health in the adult offspring. mTOR-KOPlacenta animals displayed reduced placental area and total weight, as well as fetal body weight at embryonic day (E) 17.5. Birth weight and serum insulin levels were reduced; however, β cell mass was normal in mTOR-KOPlacenta newborns. Adult mTOR-KOPlacenta offspring, under a metabolic high-fat challenge, displayed exacerbated obesity and metabolic dysfunction compared with littermate controls. Subsequently, we tested whether enhancing placental mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, via genetic ablation of TSC2, in utero would improve glucose homeostasis in the offspring. Indeed, increased placental mTORC1 conferred protection from diet-induced obesity in the offspring. In conclusion, placental mTORC1 serves as a mechanistic link between placental function and programming of obesity and insulin resistance in the adult offspring.

Authors

Brian Akhaphong, Daniel C. Baumann, Megan Beetch, Amber D. Lockridge, Seokwon Jo, Alicia Wong, Tate Zemanovic, Ramkumar Mohan, Danica L. Fondevilla, Michelle Sia, Maria Ruth B. Pineda-Cortel, Emilyn U. Alejandro

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Usage data is cumulative from January 2022 through January 2023.

Usage JCI PMC
Text version 1,978 399
PDF 319 80
Figure 88 6
Table 29 0
Supplemental data 120 7
Citation downloads 48 0
Totals 2,582 492
Total Views 3,074

Usage information is collected from two different sources: this site (JCI) and Pubmed Central (PMC). JCI information (compiled daily) shows human readership based on methods we employ to screen out robotic usage. PMC information (aggregated monthly) is also similarly screened of robotic usage.

Various methods are used to distinguish robotic usage. For example, Google automatically scans articles to add to its search index and identifies itself as robotic; other services might not clearly identify themselves as robotic, or they are new or unknown as robotic. Because this activity can be misinterpreted as human readership, data may be re-processed periodically to reflect an improved understanding of robotic activity. Because of these factors, readers should consider usage information illustrative but subject to change.

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