Rapid and specific antibody testing is crucial for improved understanding, control, and treatment of COVID-19 pathogenesis. Herein, we describe and apply a rapid, sensitive, and accurate virus neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The assay is based on an HIV-1 lentiviral vector that contains a secreted intron Gaussia luciferase (Gluc) or secreted nano-luciferase reporter cassette, pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein, and is validated with a plaque-reduction assay using an authentic, infectious SARS-CoV-2 strain. The assay was used to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum from individuals with a broad range of COVID-19 symptoms; patients included those in the intensive care unit (ICU), health care workers (HCWs), and convalescent plasma donors. The highest neutralizing antibody titers were observed among ICU patients, followed by general hospitalized patients, HCWs, and convalescent plasma donors. Our study highlights a wide phenotypic variation in human antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 and demonstrates the efficacy of a potentially novel lentivirus pseudotype assay for high-throughput serological surveys of neutralizing antibody titers in large cohorts.
Cong Zeng, John P. Evans, Rebecca Pearson, Panke Qu, Yi-Min Zheng, Richard T. Robinson, Luanne Hall-Stoodley, Jacob Yount, Sonal Pannu, Rama K. Mallampalli, Linda Saif, Eugene Oltz, Gerard Lozanski, Shan-Lu Liu
Title and authors | Publication | Year |
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Selective suppression of de novo SARS-CoV2 vaccine antibody responses in cancer patients on B cell-targeted therapy
Joseph Azar, John Evans, Madison Sikorski, Karthik Chakravarthy, Selah McKenney, Ian Carmody, Cong Zeng, Rachael Teodorescu, No Song, Jamie Hamon, Donna Bucci, Maria Velegraki, Chelsea Bolyard, Kevin Weller, Sarah Reisinger, Seema Bhat, Kami Maddocks, Richard Gumina, Anastasia Vlasova, Eugene Oltz, Linda Saif, Dongjun Chung, Jennifer Woyach, Peter Shields, Shan-Lu Liu, Zihai Li, Mark Rubinstein |
JCI Insight | 2023 |
Extraordinary Evasion of Neutralizing Antibody Response by Omicron XBB.1.5, CH.1.1 and CA.3.1 Variants
Qu P, Faraone JN, Evans JP, Zheng YM, Carlin C, Anghelina M, Stevens P, Fernandez S, Jones D, Panchal A, Saif LJ, Oltz EM, Xu K, Gumina RJ, Liu SL |
2023 | |
Determinants and Mechanisms of the Low Fusogenicity and High Dependence on Endosomal Entry of Omicron Subvariants.
Qu P, Evans JP, Kurhade C, Zeng C, Zheng YM, Xu K, Shi PY, Xie X, Liu SL |
mBio | 2023 |
Characterisation of the Antibody Response in Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) Recipients and COVID-19 Convalescent Sera from the Republic of Moldova
Ulinici M, Suljič A, Poggianella M, Milan Bonotto R, Resman Rus K, Paraschiv A, Bonetti AM, Todiras M, Corlateanu A, Groppa S, Ceban E, Petrovec M, Marcello A |
Human vaccines | 2023 |
Convalescent human IgG, but not IgM, from COVID-19 survivors confers dose-dependent protection against SARS-CoV-2 replication and disease in hamsters
King HA, Dussupt V, Mendez-Rivera L, Slike BM, Tran U, Jackson ND, Barkei E, Zemil M, Tourtellott-Fogt E, Kuklis CH, Soman S, Ahmed A, Porto M, Kitajewski C, Spence B, Benetiene D, Wieczorek L, Kar S, Gromowski G, Polonis VR, Krebs SJ, Modjarrad K, Bolton DL |
Frontiers in immunology | 2023 |
Prime-pull immunization of mice with a BcfA-adjuvanted vaccine elicits sustained mucosal immunity that prevents SARS CoV-2 infection and pathology
Shamseldin MM, Kenney A, Zani A, Evans JP, Zeng C, Read KA, Hall JM, Chaiwatpongsakorn S, Mahesh K, Lu M, Eltobgy M, Denz P, Deora R, Li J, Peeples ME, Oestreich KJ, Liu SL, Corps KN, Yount JS, Dubey P |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2023 |
High-Throughput Neutralization and Serology Assays Reveal Correlated but Highly Variable Humoral Immune Responses in a Large Population of Individuals Infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the US between March and August 2020
Zhang S, Ma P, Orzechowski M, Lemmer A, Rzasa K, Bagnall J, Barkho S, Chen M, He L, Neitupski R, Tran V, Ackerman R, Gath E, Bond A, Frongillo G, Cleland T, Golas A, Gaca A, Fitzgerald M, Kelly K, Hazegh K, Dumont L, Hoffman C, Homer M, Marks P, Woolley A, Wong S, Gomez J, Livny J, Hung D |
mBio | 2023 |
SARS-CoV-2 intra-host diversity, antibody response, and disease severity after reinfection by the variant of concern Gamma in Brazil.
Naveca FG, Nascimento VA, Nascimento F, Ogrzewalska M, Pauvolid-Corrêa A, Araújo MF, Arantes I, Batista ÉR, Magalhães AÁ, Vinhal F, Mattos TP, Riediger I, Debur MDC, Grinsztejn B, Veloso VG, Brasil P, Rodrigues RR, Rovaris DB, Fernandes SB, Fernandes C, Santos JHA, Abdalla LF, Costa-Filho R, Silva M, Souza V, Costa ÁA, Mejía M, Brandão MJ, Gonçalves LF, Silva GA, de Jesus MS, Pessoa K, Corado ALG, Duarte DCG, Machado AB, Zukeram KA, Valente N, Lopes RS, Pereira EC, Appolinario LR, Rocha AS, Tort LFL, Sekizuka T, Itokawa K, Hashino M, Kuroda M, Dezordi FZ, Wallau GL, Delatorre E, Gräf T, Siqueira MM, Bello G, Resende PC |
Scientific Reports | 2023 |
Neutralization escape of Omicron XBB, BR.2, and BA.2.3.20 subvariants.
Faraone JN, Qu P, Evans JP, Zheng YM, Carlin C, Anghelina M, Stevens P, Fernandez S, Jones D, Lozanski G, Panchal A, Saif LJ, Oltz EM, Gumina RJ, Liu SL |
Cell reports. Medicine | 2023 |
Enhanced evasion of neutralizing antibody response by Omicron XBB.1.5, CH.1.1, and CA.3.1 variants
Qu P, Faraone JN, Evans JP, Zheng YM, Carlin C, Anghelina M, Stevens P, Fernandez S, Jones D, Panchal AR, Saif LJ, Oltz EM, Zhang B, Zhou T, Xu K, Gumina RJ, Liu SL |
Cell Reports | 2023 |
Development of a Cell-Based SARS-CoV-2 Pseudovirus Neutralization Assay Using Imaging and Flow Cytometry Analysis
Izac JR, Kwee EJ, Tian L, Elsheikh E, Gaigalas AK, Elliott JT, Wang L |
International journal of molecular sciences | 2023 |
A next-generation intranasal trivalent MMS vaccine induces durable and broad protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
Xu J, Zhang Y, Qu P, Shamseldin MM, Yoo SJ, Misny J, Thongpan I, KC M, Hall JM, Evans JP, Eltobgy M, Lu M, Ye C, Chamblee M, Liang X, Martinez-Sobrido L, Amer AO, Yount JS, Boyaka PN, Peeples ME, Liu SL, Dubey P, Li J |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 2023 |
Immune evasion and membrane fusion of SARS-CoV-2 XBB subvariants EG.5.1 and XBB.2.3.
Faraone JN, Qu P, Goodarzi N, Zheng YM, Carlin C, Saif LJ, Oltz EM, Xu K, Jones D, Gumina RJ, Liu SL |
Emerging Microbes & Infections | 2023 |
Continued evasion of neutralizing antibody response by Omicron XBB.1.16.
Faraone JN, Qu P, Zheng YM, Carlin C, Jones D, Panchal AR, Saif LJ, Oltz EM, Gumina RJ, Liu SL |
Cell Reports | 2023 |