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PP2A enables IL-2 signaling by preserving IL-2Rβ chain expression during Treg development
Amir Sharabi, … , Vaishali R. Moulton, George C. Tsokos
Amir Sharabi, … , Vaishali R. Moulton, George C. Tsokos
Published March 26, 2019
Citation Information: JCI Insight. 2019;4(9):e126294. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.126294.
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Research Article Cell biology

PP2A enables IL-2 signaling by preserving IL-2Rβ chain expression during Treg development

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Abstract

Tregs require IL-2 signaling for signal transducer and activator of transcription 5–mediated (STAT5-mediated) induction of Foxp3. Although phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a negative regulator of IL-2 production in effector T cells and Tregs do not produce IL-2, it is not known whether PP2A controls IL-2 signaling in Tregs. To explore the role of PP2A in IL-2 signaling in Tregs, we studied mice engineered to lack PP2A in all Foxp3-expressing cells. We report that PP2A is required to enable Foxp3 expression and to maintain sufficient numbers of Tregs in the thymus. We show for the first time to our knowledge that PP2A prevents the selective loss of surface IL-2Rβ and preserves IL-2R signaling potency in Tregs. The loss of IL-2Rβ in thymus- and spleen-derived Tregs that lack PP2A is because of increased sheddase activity. Pan-sheddase or selective ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10) inhibition, like forced expression of IL-2Rβ in PP2A-deficient Tregs, restored IL-2Rβ expression and signaling. Thus, PP2A restrains the sheddase activity of ADAM10 in Tregs to prevent the cleavage of IL-2Rβ from the cell surface to enable competent IL-2R signaling, which is essential for Tregs’ development and homeostasis.

Authors

Amir Sharabi, Hao Li, Isaac R. Kasper, Wenliang Pan, Esra Meidan, Maria G. Tsokos, Vaishali R. Moulton, George C. Tsokos

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Figure 1

CD4+ Tregs require PP2A for thymic maintenance and IL-2–mediated induction of Foxp3.

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CD4+ Tregs require PP2A for thymic maintenance and IL-2–mediated inducti...
(A) Flow cytometry plots and cumulative data (mean ± SEM) from individual mice (n = 4–6/group) depicting the percentages of thymic Thy1.2+CD3+CD4+CD8–-SP FOXP3-YFP+ CD4+ Tregs that are PP2A deficient (KO) or PP2A sufficient (WT). A representative of 3 experiments is shown. (B and C) Thymic CD4+ Tregs (defined as Th1.2+CD3+CD4+CD8–-SP Foxp3-YFP+ cells) were sorted from individual KO and WT mice (n = 5/group). (B) Total RNA from thymic CD4+ Tregs from individual KO and WT mice (n = 4–5/group) from 2 experiments was assessed for mRNA transcripts of Foxp3. Individual and cumulative data (mean ± SEM) are shown. (C) Protein lysates were prepared following the pooling of cells in each group. The expression of Foxp3 and β-actin was assessed by Western blot analysis (right), and the Foxp3/β-actin ratio (mean ± SEM) was calculated from 2 independent experiments (left). (D) Expression of CD25 in thymic CD4+ Tregs from the KO and WT mice. Representative histograms (left) and cumulative data (right) from a representative of 3 experiments are shown (mean ± SEM). Dashed-line histograms represent negative control. (E) Thymic precursors of CD4+ Tregs defined as Thy1.2+CD4+CD8–CD25hiFOXP3-YFP– cells were sorted from KO and WT mice (n = 5/group) and challenged with or without IL-2 (20 mM) in plates precoated with α-CD3 for 18 to 24 hours. Thereafter, the cells were pooled in each group and protein lysates were prepared. The expression of Foxp3 and β-actin was assessed by Western blot analysis (top), and the Foxp3/β-actin ratio (mean ± SEM) was calculated from 2 independent experiments (bottom). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.005.

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