Usage Information
Citation Information: JCI Insight. 2016;1(15):e85955. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.85955.
Abstract
We created and tested multi-epitope DNA or protein vaccines with TLR4 ligand emulsion adjuvant (gluco glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant in a stable emulsion [GLA-SE]) for their ability to protect against Toxoplasma gondii in HLA transgenic mice. Our constructs each included 5 of our best down-selected CD8+ T cell–eliciting epitopes, a universal CD4+ helper T lymphocyte epitope (PADRE), and a secretory signal, all arranged for optimal MHC-I presentation. Their capacity to elicit immune and protective responses was studied using immunization of HLA-A*11:01 transgenic mice. These multi-epitope vaccines increased memory CD8+ T cells that produced IFN-γ and protected mice against parasite burden when challenged with T. gondii. Endocytosis of emulsion-trapped protein and cross presentation of the antigens must account for the immunogenicity of our adjuvanted protein. Thus, our work creates an adjuvanted platform assembly of peptides resulting in cross presentation of CD8+ T cell–eliciting epitopes in a vaccine that prevents toxoplasmosis.
Authors
Kamal El Bissati, Aziz A. Chentoufi, Paulette A. Krishack, Ying Zhou, Stuart Woods, Jitender P. Dubey, Lo Vang, Joseph Lykins, Kate E. Broderick, Ernest Mui, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Qila Sa, Stephanie Bi, Nestor Cardona, Shiv K. Verma, Laura Fraczek, Catherine A. Reardon, John Sidney, Jeff Alexander, Alessandro Sette, Tom Vedvick, Chris Fox, Jeffrey A. Guderian, Steven Reed, Craig W. Roberts, Rima McLeod
Usage data is cumulative from March 2022 through March 2023.
| Usage | JCI | PMC |
|---|---|---|
| Text version | 918 | 148 |
| 128 | 47 | |
| Figure | 217 | 12 |
| Table | 53 | 0 |
| Citation downloads | 29 | 0 |
| Totals | 1,345 | 207 |
| Total Views | 1,552 | |
Usage information is collected from two different sources: this site (JCI) and Pubmed Central (PMC). JCI information (compiled daily) shows human readership based on methods we employ to screen out robotic usage. PMC information (aggregated monthly) is also similarly screened of robotic usage.
Various methods are used to distinguish robotic usage. For example, Google automatically scans articles to add to its search index and identifies itself as robotic; other services might not clearly identify themselves as robotic, or they are new or unknown as robotic. Because this activity can be misinterpreted as human readership, data may be re-processed periodically to reflect an improved understanding of robotic activity. Because of these factors, readers should consider usage information illustrative but subject to change.
