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Adjuvanted multi-epitope vaccines protect HLA-A*11:01 transgenic mice against Toxoplasma gondii
Kamal El Bissati, … , Craig W. Roberts, Rima McLeod
Kamal El Bissati, … , Craig W. Roberts, Rima McLeod
Published September 22, 2016
Citation Information: JCI Insight. 2016;1(15):e85955. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.85955.
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Research Article Vaccines

Adjuvanted multi-epitope vaccines protect HLA-A*11:01 transgenic mice against Toxoplasma gondii

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Abstract

We created and tested multi-epitope DNA or protein vaccines with TLR4 ligand emulsion adjuvant (gluco glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant in a stable emulsion [GLA-SE]) for their ability to protect against Toxoplasma gondii in HLA transgenic mice. Our constructs each included 5 of our best down-selected CD8+ T cell–eliciting epitopes, a universal CD4+ helper T lymphocyte epitope (PADRE), and a secretory signal, all arranged for optimal MHC-I presentation. Their capacity to elicit immune and protective responses was studied using immunization of HLA-A*11:01 transgenic mice. These multi-epitope vaccines increased memory CD8+ T cells that produced IFN-γ and protected mice against parasite burden when challenged with T. gondii. Endocytosis of emulsion-trapped protein and cross presentation of the antigens must account for the immunogenicity of our adjuvanted protein. Thus, our work creates an adjuvanted platform assembly of peptides resulting in cross presentation of CD8+ T cell–eliciting epitopes in a vaccine that prevents toxoplasmosis.

Authors

Kamal El Bissati, Aziz A. Chentoufi, Paulette A. Krishack, Ying Zhou, Stuart Woods, Jitender P. Dubey, Lo Vang, Joseph Lykins, Kate E. Broderick, Ernest Mui, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Qila Sa, Stephanie Bi, Nestor Cardona, Shiv K. Verma, Laura Fraczek, Catherine A. Reardon, John Sidney, Jeff Alexander, Alessandro Sette, Tom Vedvick, Chris Fox, Jeffrey A. Guderian, Steven Reed, Craig W. Roberts, Rima McLeod

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Figure 7

CD8+ T cell responses in HLA-A*11:01 mice following immunization.

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CD8+ T cell responses in HLA-A*11:01 mice following immunization.
(A) Sp...
(A) Splenocytes from immunized mice with LO DNA, AZ DNA, and multi-epitope polypeptides alone or combined were harvested for 10–14 days after immunization and exposed to LO or AZ polypeptide for ex vivo IFN-γ expression. Quantitation of IFN-γ from mouse splenocytes was evaluated in 2 separate experiments. Each experiment (n = 4 mice) was evaluated for comparison for vaccination with AZ protein compared with control and for LO protein compared with control; significance evaluated with Student’s t test. (B) HLA-A*11:01 transgenic mice survival curve after challenge with Type II parasites. Two weeks after last immunization, the transgenic mice immunized with empty vector, LO DNA + LO polypeptide, or LO polypeptide, or were injected with PBS were infected with 2,000 T. gondii ME49-Fluc (Type II) parasites. The survival rates of the 2 groups were recorded. Mice vaccinated with either LO protein alone or LO DNA + LO protein were compared with control mice (PBS or empty vector). Kaplan-Meier curves were generated and survival compared across groups using the log-rank test, P < 0.05. (n = 8 mice per group in 2 replicate experiments with 4 mice, shown pooled). (C and D) CD8+ memory T cells. Flow cytometry gating for CD8+ memory T cells. Spleen cells are gated on CD3+CD8+ T cells. Memory T cells were defined as CD44hiCD45RBlo. For each group, a representative FACS plot is shown with the percent of CD8+ memory T cells shown. All mouse experiments were repeated at least twice (n = 2–4 mice in each group). * P < 0.001, ** P < 0.001. In A and D; one-way ANOVA was performed before the Student’s t test to determine whether there was an overall difference between the groups.

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