Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial diseases belong to the group of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM), with a prevalence of 1 in 2,000–5,000 individuals. They are the most common form of IEM, but, despite advances in next-generation sequencing technologies, almost half of the patients are left genetically undiagnosed.METHODS We investigated a cohort of 61 patients with defined mitochondrial disease to improve diagnostics, identify biomarkers, and correlate metabolic pathways to specific disease groups. Clinical presentations were structured using human phenotype ontology terms, and mass spectrometry–based proteomics was performed on primary fibroblasts. Additionally, we integrated 6 patients carrying variants of uncertain significance (VUS) to test proteomics as a diagnostic expansion.RESULTS Proteomic profiles from patient samples could be classified according to their biochemical and genetic characteristics, with the expression of 5 proteins (GPX4, MORF4L1, MOXD1, MSRA, and TMED9) correlating with the disease cohort, thus acting as putative biomarkers. Pathway analysis showed a deregulation of inflammatory and mitochondrial stress responses. This included the upregulation of glycosphingolipid metabolism and mitochondrial protein import, as well as the downregulation of arachidonic acid metabolism. Furthermore, we could assign pathogenicity to a VUS in MRPS23 by demonstrating the loss of associated mitochondrial ribosome subunits.CONCLUSION We established mass spectrometry–based proteomics on patient fibroblasts as a viable and versatile tool for diagnosing patients with mitochondrial disease.FUNDING The NovoNordisk Foundation, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, UK Medical Research Council, and the UK NHS Highly Specialised Service for Rare Mitochondrial Disorders of Adults and Children.
Authors
Sandrina P. Correia, Marco F. Moedas, Lucie S. Taylor, Karin Naess, Albert Z. Lim, Robert McFarland, Zuzanna Kazior, Anastasia Rumyantseva, Rolf Wibom, Martin Engvall, Helene Bruhn, Nicole Lesko, Ákos Végvári, Lukas Käll, Matthias Trost, Charlotte L. Alston, Christoph Freyer, Robert W. Taylor, Anna Wedell, Anna Wredenberg
This file is in Adobe Acrobat (PDF) format. If you have not installed and configured the Adobe Acrobat Reader on your system.
Having trouble reading a PDF?
PDFs are designed to be printed out and read, but if you prefer to read them online, you may find it easier if you increase the view size to 125%.
Having trouble saving a PDF?
Many versions of the free Acrobat Reader do not allow Save. You must instead save the PDF from the JCI Online page you downloaded it from. PC users: Right-click on the Download link and choose the option that says something like "Save Link As...". Mac users should hold the mouse button down on the link to get these same options.
Having trouble printing a PDF?
- Try printing one page at a time or to a newer printer.
- Try saving the file to disk before printing rather than opening it "on the fly." This requires that you configure your browser to "Save" rather than "Launch Application" for the file type "application/pdf", and can usually be done in the "Helper Applications" options.
- Make sure you are using the latest version of Adobe's Acrobat Reader.
