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Penile bacteria associated with HIV seroconversion, inflammation, and immune cells
Jessica L. Prodger, … , Rupert Kaul, Cindy M. Liu
Jessica L. Prodger, … , Rupert Kaul, Cindy M. Liu
Published April 22, 2021
Citation Information: JCI Insight. 2021;6(8):e147363. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.147363.
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Research Article AIDS/HIV Article has an altmetric score of 2

Penile bacteria associated with HIV seroconversion, inflammation, and immune cells

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Abstract

The foreskin is a site of heterosexual acquisition of HIV-1 among uncircumcised men. However, some men remain HIV-negative despite repeated, unprotected vaginal intercourse with HIV-positive partners, while others become infected after few exposures. The foreskin microbiome includes a diverse group of anaerobic bacteria that have been linked to HIV acquisition. However, these anaerobes tend to coassociate, making it difficult to determine which species might increase HIV risk and which may be innocent bystanders. Here, we show that 6 specific anaerobic bacterial species, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Prevotella bivia, Prevotella disiens, Dialister propionicifaciens, Dialister micraerophilus, and a genetic near neighbor of Dialister succinatiphilus, significantly increased cytokine production, recruited HIV-susceptible CD4+ T cells to the inner foreskin, and were associated with HIV acquisition. This strongly suggests that the penile microbiome increases host susceptibility to HIV and that these species are potential targets for microbiome-based prevention strategies.

Authors

Jessica L. Prodger, Alison G. Abraham, Aaron A.R. Tobian, Daniel E. Park, Maliha Aziz, Kelsey Roach, Ronald H. Gray, Lane Buchanan, Godfrey Kigozi, Ronald M. Galiwango, Joseph Ssekasanvu, James Nnamutete, Joseph Kagaayi, Rupert Kaul, Cindy M. Liu

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Associations between BASIC species and HIV seroconversion (HIV seroconve...

Associations between BASIC species and HIV seroconversion (HIV seroconversion cohort) and immune outcomes (cellular immunology cohort) as well as associations of control taxa not associated with seroconversion


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