Usage Information
Citation Information: JCI Insight. 2020;5(20):e139783. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.139783.
Abstract
The integration of HIV DNA into the host genome contributes to lifelong infection in most individuals. Few studies have examined integration in lymphoid tissue, where HIV predominantly persists before and after antiretroviral treatment (ART). Of particular interest is whether integration site distributions differ between infection stages with paired blood and tissue comparisons. Here, we profiled HIV integration site distributions in sorted memory, tissue-resident, and/or follicular helper CD4+ T cell subsets from paired blood and lymphoid tissue samples from acute, chronic, and ART-treated individuals. We observed minor differences in the frequency of nonintronic and nondistal intergenic sites, varying with tissue and residency phenotypes during ART. Genomic and epigenetic annotations were generally similar. Clonal expansion of cells marked by identical integration sites was detected, with increased detection in chronic and ART-treated individuals. However, overlap between or within CD4+ T cell subsets or tissue compartments was only observed in 8 unique sites of the 3540 sites studied. Together, these findings suggest that shared integration sites between blood and tissue may, depending on the tissue site, be the exception rather than the rule and indicate that additional studies are necessary to fully understand the heterogeneity of tissue-sequestered HIV reservoirs.
Authors
Vincent H. Wu, Christopher L. Nobles, Leticia Kuri-Cervantes, Kevin McCormick, John K. Everett, Son Nguyen, Perla M. del Rio Estrada, Mauricio González-Navarro, Fernanda Torres-Ruiz, Santiago Ávila-Ríos, Gustavo Reyes-Terán, Frederic D. Bushman, Michael R. Betts
Usage data is cumulative from February 2024 through February 2025.
| Usage | JCI | PMC |
|---|---|---|
| Text version | 353 | 277 |
| 53 | 46 | |
| Figure | 115 | 0 |
| Table | 65 | 0 |
| Supplemental data | 68 | 15 |
| Citation downloads | 50 | 0 |
| Totals | 704 | 338 |
| Total Views | 1,042 | |
Usage information is collected from two different sources: this site (JCI) and Pubmed Central (PMC). JCI information (compiled daily) shows human readership based on methods we employ to screen out robotic usage. PMC information (aggregated monthly) is also similarly screened of robotic usage.
Various methods are used to distinguish robotic usage. For example, Google automatically scans articles to add to its search index and identifies itself as robotic; other services might not clearly identify themselves as robotic, or they are new or unknown as robotic. Because this activity can be misinterpreted as human readership, data may be re-processed periodically to reflect an improved understanding of robotic activity. Because of these factors, readers should consider usage information illustrative but subject to change.
