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Magnesium supplementation improves diabetic mitochondrial and cardiac diastolic function
Man Liu, … , Anyu Zhou, Samuel C. Dudley Jr.
Man Liu, … , Anyu Zhou, Samuel C. Dudley Jr.
Published January 10, 2019
Citation Information: JCI Insight. 2019;4(1):e123182. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.123182.
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Research Article Cardiology

Magnesium supplementation improves diabetic mitochondrial and cardiac diastolic function

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Abstract

In heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), the majority of patients have hypomagnesemia, and magnesium (Mg) supplementation has improved cardiac function and insulin resistance. Recently, we have shown that DM can cause cardiac diastolic dysfunction (DD). Therefore, we hypothesized that Mg supplementation would improve diastolic function in DM. High-fat diet–induced diabetic mouse hearts showed increased cardiac DD and hypertrophy. Mice with DM showed a significantly increased E/e’ ratio (the ratio of transmitral Doppler early filling velocity [E] to tissue Doppler early diastolic mitral annular velocity [e’]) in the echocardiogram, left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV), incidence of DD, left ventricular posterior wall thickness in diastole (PWTd), and ratio of heart weight to tibia length (HW/TL) when compared with controls. DM mice also had hypomagnesemia. Ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from DM mice exhibited decreased mitochondrial ATP production, a 1.7- ± 0.2-fold increase of mitochondrial ROS, depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload. Dietary Mg administration (50 mg/ml in the drinking water) for 6 weeks increased plasma Mg concentration and improved cardiac function. At the cellular level, Mg improved mitochondrial function with increased ATP, decreased mitochondrial ROS and Ca2+ overload, and repolarized mitochondrial membrane potential. In conclusion, Mg supplementation improved mitochondrial function, reduced oxidative stress, and prevented DD in DM.

Authors

Man Liu, Euy-Myoung Jeong, Hong Liu, An Xie, Eui Young So, Guangbin Shi, Go Eun Jeong, Anyu Zhou, Samuel C. Dudley Jr.

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Figure 2

Effects of dietary Mg on DM mice.

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Effects of dietary Mg on DM mice.
(A) plasma Mg concentration was decrea...
(A) plasma Mg concentration was decreased in DM mice and reinstated by dietary Mg. Seven to 15 animals were tested for each group. (B) The cytosol free Mg level was decreased in DM mice, and dietary Mg did not recover it. Cardiomyocytes isolated from the left ventricle of 7–15 animals were tested for each group. (C) Dietary Mg decreased the fasting blood glucose in DM mice. Five animals were tested for each group. (D) Dietary Mg decreased the blood glucose levels as compared with DM mice during the i.p. glucose tolerance test. Five animals were tested for each group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests for multiple group comparisons; *P < 0.01 vs. control, #P < 0.05 vs DM. CT, control mice; CT+Mg, control mice fed with normal chow and Mg in drinking water; DM, diabetic mice fed with high-fat diet; DM+Mg, mice fed with high-fat diet and Mg in drinking water.

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