Perfect timing: circadian rhythms, sleep, and immunity — an NIH workshop summary
Jeffrey A. Haspel, Ron Anafi, Marishka K. Brown, Nicolas Cermakian, Christopher Depner, Paula Desplats, Andrew E. Gelman, Monika Haack, Sanja Jelic, Brian S. Kim, Aaron D. Laposky, Yvonne C. Lee, Emmanuel Mongodin, Aric A. Prather, Brian J. Prendergast, Colin Reardon, Albert C. Shaw, Shaon Sengupta, Éva Szentirmai, Mahesh Thakkar, Wendy E. Walker, Laura A. Solt
Jeffrey A. Haspel, Ron Anafi, Marishka K. Brown, Nicolas Cermakian, Christopher Depner, Paula Desplats, Andrew E. Gelman, Monika Haack, Sanja Jelic, Brian S. Kim, Aaron D. Laposky, Yvonne C. Lee, Emmanuel Mongodin, Aric A. Prather, Brian J. Prendergast, Colin Reardon, Albert C. Shaw, Shaon Sengupta, Éva Szentirmai, Mahesh Thakkar, Wendy E. Walker, Laura A. Solt
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Review

Perfect timing: circadian rhythms, sleep, and immunity — an NIH workshop summary

Abstract

Recent discoveries demonstrate a critical role for circadian rhythms and sleep in immune system homeostasis. Both innate and adaptive immune responses — ranging from leukocyte mobilization, trafficking, and chemotaxis to cytokine release and T cell differentiation —are mediated in a time of day–dependent manner. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) recently sponsored an interdisciplinary workshop, “Sleep Insufficiency, Circadian Misalignment, and the Immune Response,” to highlight new research linking sleep and circadian biology to immune function and to identify areas of high translational potential. This Review summarizes topics discussed and highlights immediate opportunities for delineating clinically relevant connections among biological rhythms, sleep, and immune regulation.

Authors

Jeffrey A. Haspel, Ron Anafi, Marishka K. Brown, Nicolas Cermakian, Christopher Depner, Paula Desplats, Andrew E. Gelman, Monika Haack, Sanja Jelic, Brian S. Kim, Aaron D. Laposky, Yvonne C. Lee, Emmanuel Mongodin, Aric A. Prather, Brian J. Prendergast, Colin Reardon, Albert C. Shaw, Shaon Sengupta, Éva Szentirmai, Mahesh Thakkar, Wendy E. Walker, Laura A. Solt

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Figure 3

Multilayered circadian control of leukocyte trafficking.

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Multilayered circadian control of leukocyte trafficking. Schematic depic...
Schematic depiction of the circadian regulation of specific leukocyte trafficking steps (55–57, 68). These include the egress of leukocytes from the bone marrow; adhesion of circulating leukocytes to endothelial cells in the capillary beds of end organs; and removal of leukocytes from the parenchyma of organs by phagocytosis or by migration to area lymph nodes. Proteins generally important for rhythmic leukocyte trafficking at specific steps in the process are depicted in red. For a comprehensive treatment of cell-specific determinants of leukocyte trafficking rhythms, see Pick et al. (154). Lymph/Mac, lymphocyte/macrophage. Illustrated by Rachel Davidowitz.