Perfect timing: circadian rhythms, sleep, and immunity — an NIH workshop summary
Jeffrey A. Haspel, … , Wendy E. Walker, Laura A. Solt
Jeffrey A. Haspel, … , Wendy E. Walker, Laura A. Solt
Published January 16, 2020
Citation Information: JCI Insight. 2020;5(1):e131487. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.131487.
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Review

Perfect timing: circadian rhythms, sleep, and immunity — an NIH workshop summary

Abstract

Recent discoveries demonstrate a critical role for circadian rhythms and sleep in immune system homeostasis. Both innate and adaptive immune responses — ranging from leukocyte mobilization, trafficking, and chemotaxis to cytokine release and T cell differentiation —are mediated in a time of day–dependent manner. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) recently sponsored an interdisciplinary workshop, “Sleep Insufficiency, Circadian Misalignment, and the Immune Response,” to highlight new research linking sleep and circadian biology to immune function and to identify areas of high translational potential. This Review summarizes topics discussed and highlights immediate opportunities for delineating clinically relevant connections among biological rhythms, sleep, and immune regulation.

Authors

Jeffrey A. Haspel, Ron Anafi, Marishka K. Brown, Nicolas Cermakian, Christopher Depner, Paula Desplats, Andrew E. Gelman, Monika Haack, Sanja Jelic, Brian S. Kim, Aaron D. Laposky, Yvonne C. Lee, Emmanuel Mongodin, Aric A. Prather, Brian J. Prendergast, Colin Reardon, Albert C. Shaw, Shaon Sengupta, Éva Szentirmai, Mahesh Thakkar, Wendy E. Walker, Laura A. Solt

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Figure 1

Citations in chronotherapy and circadian research are on the rise.

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Citations in chronotherapy and circadian research are on the rise. (A) N...
(A) Number of 1990–2018 publications found with PubMed searches for “circadian” and “chronotherapy.” (B) Number of 1990–2018 publications found with PubMed searches for “sleep and immunity,” “circadian and immunity,” and “chronotherapy and immunity.” Chronotherapy is classically defined as the use of circadian information to maximize the therapeutic index of a medical intervention or to limit the amount of drug needed to achieve a clinical end point by giving it at the optimal time of day. An emerging use of the term is for the direct targeting of clock gene function to achieve a clinical end point, such as tumor killing (148). Illustrated by Rachel Davidowitz.