Infection and pathogenicity of chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency viruses in macaques: determinants of high virus loads and CD4 cell killing

R Shibata, F Maldarelli, C Siemon… - Journal of Infectious …, 1997 - academic.oup.com
R Shibata, F Maldarelli, C Siemon, T Matano, M Parta, G Miller, T Fredrickson, MA Martin
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1997academic.oup.com
Chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs) carrying envelope glycoproteins
derived from a T cell-macrophage dual-tropic primary isolate (human immunodeficiency
virus type 1 [HIV-1] strain DH12) were constructed. When inoculated into macaque monkeys,
SHIVMD14 carrying simian immunodeficiency virus-derived nef established significantly
higher virus loads than did SHIVMD1, which contains the HIV-1 nef gene. Three patterns of
CD4 cell depletion were observed in infected monkeys: exponential and irreversible loss to …
Abstract
Chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs) carrying envelope glycoproteins derived from a T cell-macrophage dual-tropic primary isolate (human immunodeficiency virus type 1 [HIV-1] strain DH12) were constructed. When inoculated into macaque monkeys, SHIVMD14 carrying simian immunodeficiency virus-derived nef established significantly higher virus loads than did SHIVMD1, which contains the HIV-1 nef gene. Three patterns of CD4 cell depletion were observed in infected monkeys: exponential and irreversible loss to undetectable levels within 10 weeks of infection; marked reduction during acute infection followed by partial recovery and stabilization (lasting from 10 weeks to > 1 year), with a later decline to undetectable levels in some animals; and a transient loss during acute infection. The induced immunodeficiency was accompanied by CD4 cell counts of < 50 cells/µL and was associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus meningoencephalitis, lymphoid depletion, and thymica trophy.
Oxford University Press