Monitoring autophagy by electron microscopy in Mammalian cells

P Ylä‐Anttila, H Vihinen, E Jokitalo, EL Eskelinen - Methods in enzymology, 2009 - Elsevier
Electron microscopy remains one of the most accurate methods for the detection of
autophagy and quantification of autophagic accumulation. Compared to fluorescence
microscopy, the resolution of transmission electron microscopy is superior. In this chapter we
describe the fine structure of early and late autophagic compartments in mammalian cells.
Instructions are given for the preparation of samples for conventional electron microscopy
using three different protocols suitable for cultured cells and animal tissues. We also …