[HTML][HTML] Neutralizing antibody directed against the HIV–1 envelope glycoprotein can completely block HIV–1/SIV chimeric virus infections of macaque monkeys

R Shibata, T Igarashi, N Haigwood, A Buckler–White… - Nature medicine, 1999 - nature.com
R Shibata, T Igarashi, N Haigwood, A Buckler–White, R Ogert, W Ross, R Willey, MW Cho
Nature medicine, 1999nature.com
Virus–specific antibodies protect individuals against a wide variety of viral infections 1–7. To
assess whether human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV–1) envelope–specific antibodies
confer resistance against primate lentivirus infections, we purified immunoglobulin (IgG)
from chimpanzees infected with several different HIV–1 isolates, and used this for passive
immunization of pig–tailed macaques. These monkeys were subsequently challenged
intravenously with a chimeric simian–human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) bearing an …
Abstract
Virus–specific antibodies protect individuals against a wide variety of viral infections 1–7. To assess whether human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV–1) envelope–specific antibodies confer resistance against primate lentivirus infections, we purified immunoglobulin (IgG) from chimpanzees infected with several different HIV–1 isolates, and used this for passive immunization of pig–tailed macaques. These monkeys were subsequently challenged intravenously with a chimeric simian–human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) bearing an envelope glycoprotein derived form HIV–1 DH12, a dual–tropic primary virus isolate. Here we show that anti–SHIV neutralizing activity, determined in vitro using an assay measuring loss of infectivity, is the absolute requirement for antibody–mediated protection in vivo. Using an assay that measures 100% neutralization, the titer in plasma for complete protection of the SHIV–challenged macaques was in the range of 1: 5–1: 8. The HIV–1–specific neutralizing antibodies studied are able to bind to native gp120 present on infectious virus particles. Administration of non–neutralizing anti–HIV IgG neither inhibited nor enhanced a subsequent SHIV infection.
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