Exosomes are small, single-membrane, secreted organelles of∼ 30 to∼ 200 nm in
diameter that have the same topology as the cell and are enriched in selected proteins,
lipids, nucleic acids, and glycoconjugates. Exosomes contain an array of membrane-
associated, high-order oligomeric protein complexes, display pronounced molecular
heterogeneity, and are created by budding at both plasma and endosome membranes.
Exosome biogenesis is a mechanism of protein quality control, and once released …