Eukaryotic cells adapt to changes in external or internal signals by precisely modulating the
expression of specific gene products. The expression of protein-coding genes is controlled
at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Among the latter steps, the regulation of
translation is particularly important in cellular processes that require rapid changes in
protein expression patterns. The translational efficiency of mRNAs is altered by RNA-binding
proteins (RBPs) and noncoding (nc) RNAs such as microRNAs (Panda et al., 2014a and …