Cytokines are small proteins that mediate signaling in immune and nonimmune cells, resulting in the modulation of cellular differentiation and activation. These functions are not only important for inflammation but also for antimicrobial responses. Additionally, inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-17 can directly interact with microbes and promote their growth [1, 2]. In this context, IL-26, an emerging member of IL-10 family cytokines, stands distinct as it exerts antimicrobial response not only by priming various innate immune cells and modulating antiviral responses but also by eliciting direct microbicidal action through affecting the formation of membrane pores.