Stereologic methods are used to obtain quantitative information about three-dimensional
structures based on observations from section planes or—to a limited degree—projections.
Stereologic methods, which are used in biologic research and especially in the research of
normal and pathologic kidneys, will be discussed in this review. Special emphasis will be
placed on modern stereologic methods, free of assumptions of the structure, size, and
shape, etc., so-called UFAPP (unbiased for all practical purposes) stereologic methods. The …