Toll-like receptor 3, RIG-I-like receptors and the NLRP3 inflammasome: Key modulators of innate immune responses to double-stranded RNA viruses

M Yu, SJ Levine - Cytokine & growth factor reviews, 2011 - Elsevier
Abstract Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), the genetic material for many RNA viruses,
induces robust host immune responses via pattern recognition receptors, which include Toll-
like receptor 3 (TLR3), retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors (RLRs) and the multi-
protein NLRP3 inflammasome complex. The engagement of dsRNA receptors or
inflammasome activation by viral dsRNA initiates complex intracellular signaling cascades
that play essential roles in inflammation and innate immune responses, as well as the …