[HTML][HTML] Cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans potentiate chordin antagonism of bone morphogenetic protein signaling and are necessary for cellular uptake of …

R Jasuja, BL Allen, WN Pappano, AC Rapraeger… - Journal of Biological …, 2004 - ASBMB
Signaling by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) plays a central role in early embryonic
patterning, organogenesis, and homeostasis in a broad range of species. Chordin, an
extracellular antagonist of BMP signaling, is thought to readily diffuse in tissues, thus forming
gradients of BMP inhibition that result in reciprocal gradients of BMP signaling. The latter
determine cell fates along the embryonic dorsoventral axis. The secreted protein Twisted
Gastrulation (TSG) is thought to help shape BMP signaling gradients by acting as a cofactor …