Reversion mutations in patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type-1 (LAD-1)

G Uzel, E Tng, SD Rosenzweig, AP Hsu… - Blood, The Journal …, 2008 - ashpublications.org
G Uzel, E Tng, SD Rosenzweig, AP Hsu, JM Shaw, ME Horwitz, GF Linton, SM Anderson…
Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology, 2008ashpublications.org
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type-1 (LAD-1) is an autosomal recessive immunodeficiency
caused by mutations in the β2 integrin, CD18, that impair CD11/CD18 heterodimer surface
expression and/or function. Absence of functional CD11/CD18 integrins on leukocytes,
particularly neutrophils, leads to their incapacity to adhere to the endothelium and migrate to
sites of infection. We studied 3 LAD-1 patients with markedly diminished neutrophil CD18
expression, each of whom had a small population of lymphocytes with normal CD18 …
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type-1 (LAD-1) is an autosomal recessive immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the β2 integrin, CD18, that impair CD11/CD18 heterodimer surface expression and/or function. Absence of functional CD11/CD18 integrins on leukocytes, particularly neutrophils, leads to their incapacity to adhere to the endothelium and migrate to sites of infection. We studied 3 LAD-1 patients with markedly diminished neutrophil CD18 expression, each of whom had a small population of lymphocytes with normal CD18 expression (CD18+). These CD18+ lymphocytes were predominantly cytotoxic T cells, with a memory/effector phenotype. Microsatellite analyses proved patient origin of these cells. Sequencing of T-cell subsets showed that in each patient one CD18 allele had undergone further mutation. Interestingly, all 3 patients were young adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Somatic reversions of inherited mutations in primary T-cell immunodeficiencies are typically associated with milder clinical phenotypes. We hypothesize that these somatic revertant CD18+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) may have altered immune regulation. The discovery of 3 cases of reversion mutations in LAD-1 at one center suggests that this may be a relatively common event in this rare disease.
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