[PDF][PDF] IL-37: a new anti-inflammatory cytokine of the IL-1 family

D Boraschi, D Lucchesi, S Hainzl, M Leitner… - European cytokine …, 2011 - academia.edu
D Boraschi, D Lucchesi, S Hainzl, M Leitner, E Maier, D Mangelberger, GJ Oostingh
European cytokine network, 2011academia.edu
The IL-1 family of cytokines encompasses eleven proteins that each share a similar-barrel
structure and bind to Ig-like receptors. Some of the IL-1-like cytokines have been well
characterised, and play key roles in the development and regulation of inflammation.
Indeed, IL-1 (IL-1F1), IL-1 (IL-1F2), and IL-18 (IL-1F4) are well-known inflammatory
cytokines active in the initiation of the inflammatory reaction and in driving Th1 and Th17
inflammatory responses. In contrast, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra, IL-1F3) and the …
Abstract
The IL-1 family of cytokines encompasses eleven proteins that each share a similar-barrel structure and bind to Ig-like receptors. Some of the IL-1-like cytokines have been well characterised, and play key roles in the development and regulation of inflammation. Indeed, IL-1 (IL-1F1), IL-1 (IL-1F2), and IL-18 (IL-1F4) are well-known inflammatory cytokines active in the initiation of the inflammatory reaction and in driving Th1 and Th17 inflammatory responses. In contrast, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra, IL-1F3) and the receptor antagonist binding to IL-1Rrp2 (IL-36Ra, IL-1F5) reduce inflammation by blocking the binding of the agonist receptor ligands. In the case of IL-37 (IL-1F7), of which five different splice variants have been described, less is known of its function, and identification of the components of a heterodimeric receptor complex remains unclear. Some studies suggest that IL-37 binds to the chain of the IL-18 receptor in a non-competitive fashion, and this may explain some of the disparate biological effects that have been reported for mice deficient in the IL-18R. The biological properties of IL-37 are mainly those of down-regulating inflammation, as assessed in models where human IL-37 is expressed in mice. In this review, an overview of the role of IL-37 in the regulation of inflammation is presented. The finding that IL-37 also locates to the nucleus, as do IL-1 and IL-33, for receptor-independent organ/tissue-specific regulation of inflammation is also reviewed.
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