[HTML][HTML] Costimulation blockade alters germinal center responses and prevents antibody-mediated rejection

EJ Kim, J Kwun, AC Gibby, JJ Hong, AB Farris III… - American Journal of …, 2014 - Elsevier
De novo donor-specific antibody (DSA) after organ transplantation promotes antibody-
mediated rejection (AMR) and causes late graft loss. Previously, we demonstrated that
depletion using anti-CD3 immunotoxin combined with tacrolimus and alefacept (AMR
regimen) reliably induced early DSA production with AMR in a nonhuman primate kidney
transplant model. Five animals were assigned as positive AMR controls, four received
additional belatacept and four received additional anti-CD40 mAb (2C10R4). Notably …