The gut microbiota has diverse and essential roles in host metabolism, development of the
immune system and as resistance to pathogen colonization. Perturbations of the gut
microbiota, termed gut dysbiosis, are commonly observed in diseases involving
inflammation in the gut, including inflammatory bowel disease, infection, colorectal cancer
and food allergies. Importantly, the inflamed microenvironment in the gut is particularly
conducive to blooms of Enterobacteriaceae, which acquire fitness benefits while other …