Preterm neonates are surviving with a milder spectrum of motor and cognitive disabilities
that appear to be related to widespread disturbances in cell maturation that target cerebral
gray and white matter. Whereas the preterm brain was previously at high risk for destructive
lesions, preterm survivors now commonly display less severe injury that is associated with
aberrant regeneration and repair responses that result in reduced cerebral growth. Impaired
cerebral white matter growth is related to myelination disturbances that are initiated by acute …