Non-coding RNAs in human disease

M Esteller - Nature reviews genetics, 2011 - nature.com
Nature reviews genetics, 2011nature.com
The relevance of the non-coding genome to human disease has mainly been studied in the
context of the widespread disruption of microRNA (miRNA) expression and function that is
seen in human cancer. However, we are only beginning to understand the nature and extent
of the involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in disease. Other ncRNAs, such as PIWI-
interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), transcribed ultraconserved
regions (T-UCRs) and large intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) are emerging as key …
Abstract
The relevance of the non-coding genome to human disease has mainly been studied in the context of the widespread disruption of microRNA (miRNA) expression and function that is seen in human cancer. However, we are only beginning to understand the nature and extent of the involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in disease. Other ncRNAs, such as PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) and large intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) are emerging as key elements of cellular homeostasis. Along with microRNAs, dysregulation of these ncRNAs is being found to have relevance not only to tumorigenesis, but also to neurological, cardiovascular, developmental and other diseases. There is great interest in therapeutic strategies to counteract these perturbations of ncRNAs.
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