Life-threatening Plasmodium vivax malaria cases, while uncommon, have been reported
since the early 20th century. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of these severe vivax malaria
cases is still poorly understood. In Brazil, the proportion of vivax malaria cases has been
steadily increasing, as have the number of cases presenting serious clinical complications.
The most frequent syndromes associated with severe vivax malaria in Brazil are severe
anaemia and acute respiratory distress. Additionally, P. vivax infection may also result in …