[PDF][PDF] Antibody conditioning enables MHC-mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplants and organ graft tolerance

BM George, KS Kao, HS Kwon, BJ Velasco, J Poyser… - Cell Stem Cell, 2019 - cell.com
BM George, KS Kao, HS Kwon, BJ Velasco, J Poyser, A Chen, AC Le, A Chhabra
Cell Stem Cell, 2019cell.com
Hematopoietic cell transplantation can correct hematological and immunological disorders
by replacing a diseased blood system with a healthy one, but this currently requires
depleting a patient's existing hematopoietic system with toxic and non-specific
chemotherapy, radiation, or both. Here we report an antibody-based conditioning protocol
with reduced toxicity and enhanced specificity for robust hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)
transplantation and engraftment in recipient mice. Host pre-treatment with six monoclonal …
Summary
Hematopoietic cell transplantation can correct hematological and immunological disorders by replacing a diseased blood system with a healthy one, but this currently requires depleting a patient's existing hematopoietic system with toxic and non-specific chemotherapy, radiation, or both. Here we report an antibody-based conditioning protocol with reduced toxicity and enhanced specificity for robust hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation and engraftment in recipient mice. Host pre-treatment with six monoclonal antibodies targeting CD47, T cells, NK cells, and HSCs followed by donor HSC transplantation enabled stable hematopoietic system reconstitution in recipients with mismatches at half (haploidentical) or all major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. This approach allowed tolerance to heart tissue from HSC donor strains in haploidentical recipients, showing potential applications for solid organ transplantation without immune suppression. Fully mismatched chimeric mice developed antibody responses to nominal antigens, showing preserved functional immunity. These findings suggest approaches for transplanting immunologically mismatched HSCs and solid organs with limited toxicity.
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