Signaling by vitamin A through its active metabolite retinoic acid (RA) is critical for the
normal development and functions of the hematopoietic and immune systems. B cells, as
both factories for antibody production and part of the immune regulatory system, are critical
to a successful vaccination response. RA is a factor in the development and competence of
mature B cells, in B cell proliferation, and in the regulation of transcription factors associated
with B cell differentiation, class switch recombination, and the generation of antibody …