Microglia-driven regulation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells, myelination, and remyelination

VE Miron - Journal of Leucocyte Biology, 2017 - academic.oup.com
Journal of Leucocyte Biology, 2017academic.oup.com
Microglia are the resident macrophages of the CNS and members of the innate immune
system. As such, they serve important functions in surveillance for indicators of damage and
subsequent initiation of an inflammatory response. Although often implicated in neural
damage, recent studies have also suggested beneficial roles of activated microglia and
inflammation in developmental and regenerative processes in the CNS. These include
regulating events leading to the generation and regeneration of myelin, the insulation …
Abstract
Microglia are the resident macrophages of the CNS and members of the innate immune system. As such, they serve important functions in surveillance for indicators of damage and subsequent initiation of an inflammatory response. Although often implicated in neural damage, recent studies have also suggested beneficial roles of activated microglia and inflammation in developmental and regenerative processes in the CNS. These include regulating events leading to the generation and regeneration of myelin, the insulation surrounding nerve fibers which is critical for nerve health and function. This critical review discusses the evidence for the supportive role of microglia in these processes and the cellular and molecular components involved.
Oxford University Press