Disclosures: SA Vardhana reported personal fees from Immunai and personal fees from ADC Therapeutics outside the submitted work; in addition, SA Vardhana had a patent to PCT/US19/27610 pending. JD Wolchok reported personal fees from Tizona Pharmaceuticals, Adaptive Biotechnologies, Imvaq, Beigene, and Linneaus; and grants from AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Sephora outside the submitted work. In addition, JD Wolchok had a patent to alphavirus replicon particles expressing TRP2 issued, a patent to Newcastle disease viruses for cancer therapy issued, a patent to xenogeneic DNA vaccines with royalties paid" Merial," a patent to myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) assay with royalties paid" Serametrix," a patent to anti-PD1 antibody licensed" Agenus," a patent to anti-CTLA4 antibodies licensed" Agenus," a patent to anti-GITR antibodies and methods of use thereof licensed" Agenus/Incyte," a patent to genomic signature to identify responders to ipilimumab in melanoma pending, a patent to engineered vaccinia viruses for cancer immunotherapy pending, a patent to anti-CD40 agonist mAb fused to monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) for cancer therapy pending, a patent to CAR+ T cells targeting differentiation antigens as means to treat cancer pending, a patent to identifying and treating subjects at risk for checkpoint blockade therapy associated colitis pending, a patent to immunosuppressive follicular helper-like T cells modulated by immune checkpoint blockade pending, and a patent to phosphatidylserine targeting agents and uses thereof for adoptive T-cell therapies pending. JD Wolchok is a paid consultant for: Adaptive Biotech, Amgen, Apricity, Ascentage Pharma, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Beigene, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Elucida, F Star, Imvaq, Janssen, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Linneaus, Merck, Neon Therapuetics, Novaritis, Polynoma, Psioxus, Recepta, Takara Bio, Trieza, Truvax, Serametrix, Surface Oncology, Syndax, and Syntalogic.