TRPV4 channels: physiological and pathological role in cardiovascular system

PK Randhawa, AS Jaggi - Basic research in cardiology, 2015 - Springer
PK Randhawa, AS Jaggi
Basic research in cardiology, 2015Springer
TRPV4 channels are non-selective cation channels permeable to Ca 2+, Na+, and Mg 2+
ions. Recently, TRPV4 channels have received considerable attention as these channels
are widely expressed in the cardiovascular system including endothelial cells, cardiac
fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscles, and peri-vascular nerves. Therefore, these channels
possibly play a pivotal role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. TRPV4
channels critically regulate flow-induced arteriogenesis, TGF-β1-induced differentiation of …
Abstract
TRPV4 channels are non-selective cation channels permeable to Ca2+, Na+, and Mg2+ ions. Recently, TRPV4 channels have received considerable attention as these channels are widely expressed in the cardiovascular system including endothelial cells, cardiac fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscles, and peri-vascular nerves. Therefore, these channels possibly play a pivotal role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. TRPV4 channels critically regulate flow-induced arteriogenesis, TGF-β1-induced differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, and heart failure-induced pulmonary edema. These channels also mediate hypoxia-induced increase in proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and progression of pulmonary hypertension. These channels also maintain flow-induced vasodilation and preserve vascular function by directly activating Ca2+-dependent KCa channels. Furthermore, these may also induce vasodilation and maintain blood pressure indirectly by evoking the release of NO, CGRP, and substance P. The present review discusses the evidences and the potential mechanisms implicated in diverse responses including arteriogenesis, cardiac remodeling, congestive heart failure-induced pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, flow-induced dilation, regulation of blood pressure, and hypoxic preconditioning.
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