Highlights•Different OA etiologies present a challenge for developing a single targeted
therapy.•Common mechanisms occur in inflammatory, mechanical, and oxidative stress in
OA.•Microinflammation, loss of autophagy, and angiogenesis indicate new
targets.Osteoarthritis (OA) is a destructive joint disease in which the initiation may be
attributed to direct injury and mechanical disruption of joint tissues, but the progressive
changes are dependent on active cell-mediated processes that can be observed or inferred …