Dopamine (DA) replacement therapy with l-DOPA remains the most effective treatment for
Parkinson's disease, but causes dyskinesia (abnormal involuntary movements) in the vast
majority of the patients. The basic mechanisms of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) have
become the object of intense research focusing on neurochemical and molecular
adaptations in the striatum. Here we review this vast literature and highlight trends that
converge into a unifying pathophysiological interpretation. We propose that the core …