Kidney transplantation is well established as the best treatment option for end-stage kidney
disease. It confers not only a better quality of life but also a significant survival advantage
compared to dialysis. However, despite significant improvement in short-term kidney
transplant graft survival over the past three decades, long-term graft survival remains
suboptimal. Concerns about the possible contribution of chronic calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)
nephrotoxicity to late allograft failure and other serious adverse effects of currently used …