[PDF][PDF] RIP3 induces apoptosis independent of pronecrotic kinase activity

P Mandal, SB Berger, S Pillay, K Moriwaki, C Huang… - Molecular cell, 2014 - cell.com
P Mandal, SB Berger, S Pillay, K Moriwaki, C Huang, H Guo, JD Lich, J Finger…
Molecular cell, 2014cell.com
Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3 or RIPK3) has emerged as a central player in
necroptosis and a potential target to control inflammatory disease. Here, three selective
small-molecule compounds are shown to inhibit RIP3 kinase-dependent necroptosis,
although their therapeutic value is undermined by a surprising, concentration-dependent
induction of apoptosis. These compounds interact with RIP3 to activate caspase 8 (Casp8)
via RHIM-driven recruitment of RIP1 (RIPK1) to assemble a Casp8-FADD-cFLIP complex …
Summary
Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3 or RIPK3) has emerged as a central player in necroptosis and a potential target to control inflammatory disease. Here, three selective small-molecule compounds are shown to inhibit RIP3 kinase-dependent necroptosis, although their therapeutic value is undermined by a surprising, concentration-dependent induction of apoptosis. These compounds interact with RIP3 to activate caspase 8 (Casp8) via RHIM-driven recruitment of RIP1 (RIPK1) to assemble a Casp8-FADD-cFLIP complex completely independent of pronecrotic kinase activities and MLKL. RIP3 kinase-dead D161N mutant induces spontaneous apoptosis independent of compound, whereas D161G, D143N, and K51A mutants, like wild-type, only trigger apoptosis when compound is present. Accordingly, RIP3-K51A mutant mice (Rip3K51A/K51A) are viable and fertile, in stark contrast to the perinatal lethality of Rip3D161N/D161N mice. RIP3 therefore holds both necroptosis and apoptosis in balance through a Ripoptosome-like platform. This work highlights a common mechanism unveiling RHIM-driven apoptosis by therapeutic or genetic perturbation of RIP3.
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