Importance Paraneoplastic encephalitides usually precede a diagnosis of cancer and are
often refractory to immunosuppressive therapy. Conversely, autoimmune encephalitides are
reversible conditions that can occur in the presence or absence of cancer. Objective To
report the induction of autoimmune encephalitis in 2 patients after treatment of metastatic
cancer with a combination of the immune checkpoint inhibitors nivolumab and ipilimumab.
Design, Setting, and Participants A retrospective case study was conducted of the clinical …