In isolated guinea-pig ileum (GPI), the A1-adenosine acute withdrawal response is under the control of several neuronal signalling systems, including the μ/κ-opioid and the cannabinoid CB₁ systems. It is now well established that after the stimulation of the A1-adenosine system, the indirect activation of both μ/κ-opioid and CB₁ systems is prevented by the peptide cholecystokinin-8 (CCk-8). In the present study, we have investigated the involvement of the Ca²⁺/ATP-activated K⁺ channels in the regulation of both acute A1-withdrawal and CCk-8-induced contractures in the GPI preparation. Interestingly, we found that: (a) the A1-withdrawal contracture is inhibited by voltage dependent Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels, K_v, while it is enhanced by the voltage independent Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels, SK_Ca; (b) in the presence of CCk-8, the inhibitory effect of the A1 agonist, CPA, on the peptide induced contracture is significantly enhanced by the voltage independent Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channel, SK_Ca; and (c) the A1-withdrawal contracture precipitated in the presence of CCk-8 is controlled by the ATP-sensitive potassium channels, K_ATP. Our data suggest, for the first time, that both Ca²⁺- and ATP-activated K⁺ channels are involved in the regulation of both A1-withdrawal precipitated and CCk-8 induced contractures.