Lung cancer is still the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and non-small cell lung cancer accounts for 80% to 85% of all lung cancer cases. Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are the 3 modalities commonly used to treat patients with NSCLC and can be used either alone or in combination depending on the disease status. The 2006 NCCN Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Guidelines provide the latest updates in the management of this disease, including stage regrouping and changes in screening recommendations for high-risk patients and in treatment recommendations for several stages. In addition, principles of systemic therapy were expanded to include adjuvant treatment.