Transforming growth factor-β1-mediated cardiac fibrosis: potential role in HIV and HIV/antiretroviral therapy-linked cardiovascular disease
J Ahamed, H Terry, ME Choi, J Laurence - Aids, 2016 - journals.lww.com
HIV infection elevates the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and osteoporosis
independent of traditional risk factors [1–4]. A heightened proinflammatory state, including
elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP),
and receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand (RANKL), is associated with accelerated
CVD and bone mineral density loss in HIV-negative (HIV–) and HIV-positive (HIV+)
individuals [5, 6], and persists in the latter despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy …
independent of traditional risk factors [1–4]. A heightened proinflammatory state, including
elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP),
and receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand (RANKL), is associated with accelerated
CVD and bone mineral density loss in HIV-negative (HIV–) and HIV-positive (HIV+)
individuals [5, 6], and persists in the latter despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy …
[HTML][HTML] Transforming growth factor-β1-mediated cardiac fibrosis: potential role in HIV and HIV/ART-linked cardiovascular disease
J AHAMED, H TERRY, J LAURENCE - AIDS (London, England), 2016 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
HIV infection elevates the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) independent of
traditional risk factors. Autopsy series document cardiac inflammation and endomyocardial
fibrosis in the HIV+ treatment naïve, and gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance
imaging has identified prominent myocardial fibrosis in the majority of HIV+ individuals
despite use of suppressive antiretroviral therapies (ART). The extent of such disease may
correlate with specific ART regimens. For example, HIV-infected patients receiving ritonavir …
traditional risk factors. Autopsy series document cardiac inflammation and endomyocardial
fibrosis in the HIV+ treatment naïve, and gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance
imaging has identified prominent myocardial fibrosis in the majority of HIV+ individuals
despite use of suppressive antiretroviral therapies (ART). The extent of such disease may
correlate with specific ART regimens. For example, HIV-infected patients receiving ritonavir …