Background: The carbohydrate–insulin model of obesity posits that habitual consumption of
a high-carbohydrate diet sequesters fat within adipose tissue because of hyperinsulinemia
and results in adaptive suppression of energy expenditure (EE). Therefore, isocaloric
exchange of dietary carbohydrate for fat is predicted to result in increased EE, increased fat
oxidation, and loss of body fat. In contrast, a more conventional view that “a calorie is a
calorie” predicts that isocaloric variations in dietary carbohydrate and fat will have no …