(A) Schema and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) of single-nucleus RNA-sequencing data from pancreatic cancers after chemoradiotherapy from Hwang et al. (35) with color code indicating cell type (n = 97,987 cells). The most frequently applied protocols included FOLFIRINOX (± nivolumab, ± losartan) followed by hypofractionated (hypofrct.10 × 3 Gy), normofractionated (normofrct., 28 × 1.8 Gy), and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT, 6 × 6 Gy) with concurrent capecitabine or 5-fluorouracil. (B) Chemokines in the irradiated pancreas are predominantly expressed in cancer cells. Heatmap indicating mean z-scored (across n = 97,987 cells) chemokine expression per cell type and row average per cell type. (C) Chemokine expression in cancer cells (left, n = 10,862) and chemokine receptor expression in immune cells (right, n = 9,768) is highly modular. Heatmaps indicating Spearman’s correlation coefficients and correlated chemokine/chemokine receptor modules retrieved by hierarchical clustering are highlighted by colored side bars. Connecting lines between modules indicate the significance of potential receptor–ligand interactions as estimated by a permutation test. (D) Chemokine modules are expressed across multiple patients (n = 21). (E) Chemokine receptor modules show cell type–specific expression (n = 12 cell types). (F) Chemokine modules are correlated with infiltration of specific leukocyte subsets expressing cognate receptors. Spearman’s correlation coefficients between mean chemokine module scores and abundance of infiltrating immune cells (as % of leukocytes) per patient (n = 21) are indicated as color code and the P values as dot sizes.