@article{10.1172/jci.insight.165469, author = {Ryuji Ohue-Kitano AND Hazuki Nonaka AND Akari Nishida AND Yuki Masujima AND Daisuke Takahashi AND Takako Ikeda AND Akiharu Uwamizu AND Miyako Tanaka AND Motoyuki Kohjima AND Miki Igarashi AND Hironori Katoh AND Tomohiro Tanaka AND Asuka Inoue AND Takayoshi Suganami AND Koji Hase AND Yoshihiro Ogawa AND Junken Aoki AND Ikuo Kimura}, journal = {JCI Insight}, publisher = {The American Society for Clinical Investigation}, title = {Medium-chain fatty acids suppress lipotoxicity-induced hepatic fibrosis via the immunomodulating receptor GPR84}, year = {2023}, month = {1}, volume = {8}, url = {https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/165469}, abstract = {Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), which consist of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), are unique forms of dietary fat with various health benefits. G protein–coupled 84 (GPR84) acts as a receptor for MCFAs (especially C10:0 and C12:0); however, GPR84 is still considered an orphan receptor, and the nutritional signaling of endogenous and dietary MCFAs via GPR84 remains unclear. Here, we showed that endogenous MCFA-mediated GPR84 signaling protected hepatic functions from diet-induced lipotoxicity. Under high-fat diet (HFD) conditions, GPR84-deficient mice exhibited nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and the progression of hepatic fibrosis but not steatosis. With markedly increased hepatic MCFA levels under HFD, GPR84 suppressed lipotoxicity-induced macrophage overactivation. Thus, GPR84 is an immunomodulating receptor that suppresses excessive dietary fat intake–induced toxicity by sensing increases in MCFAs. Additionally, administering MCTs, MCFAs (C10:0 or C12:0, but not C8:0), or GPR84 agonists effectively improved NASH in mouse models. Therefore, exogenous GPR84 stimulation is a potential strategy for treating NASH.}, number = {2}, doi = {10.1172/jci.insight.165469}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.165469}, }