TY - JOUR AU - Touch, Sothea AU - Godefroy, Emmanuelle AU - Rolhion, Nathalie AU - Danne, Camille AU - Oeuvray, Cyriane AU - Straube, Marjolène AU - Galbert, Chloé AU - Brot, Loïc AU - Alonso Salgueiro, Iria AU - Chadi, Sead AU - Ledent, Tatiana AU - Chatel, Jean-Marc AU - Langella, Philippe AU - Jotereau, Francine AU - Altare, Frédéric AU - Sokol, Harry T1 - Human CD4+CD8α+ Tregs induced by Faecalibacterium prausnitzii protect against intestinal inflammation PY - 2022/06/22/ AB - Abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a dominant bacterium of the human microbiota that exhibits antiinflammatory effects, is decreased in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In humans, colonic lamina propria contains IL-10–secreting, Foxp3– Tregs characterized by a double expression of CD4 and CD8α (DP8α) and a specificity for F. prausnitzii. This Treg subset is decreased in IBD. The in vivo effect of DP8α cells has not been evaluated yet to our knowledge. Here, using a humanized model of a NSG immunodeficient mouse strain that expresses the HLA D–related allele HLA-DR*0401 but not murine class II (NSG-Ab° DR4) molecules, we demonstrated a protective effect of a HLA-DR*0401–restricted DP8α Treg clone combined with F. prausnitzii administration in a colitis model. In a cohort of patients with IBD, we showed an independent association between the frequency of circulating DP8α cells and disease activity. Finally, we pointed out a positive correlation between F. prausnitzii–specific DP8α Tregs and the amount of F. prausnitzii in fecal microbiota in healthy individuals and patients with ileal Crohn’s disease. JF - JCI Insight JA - JCI Insight SN - 2379-3708 DO - 10.1172/jci.insight.154722 VL - 7 IS - 12 UR - https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.154722 PB - The American Society for Clinical Investigation ER -