@article{10.1172/jci.insight.141502, author = {Isaac M. Barber-Axthelm AND Valerie Barber-Axthelm AND Kai Yin Sze AND Anjie Zhen AND Gajendra W. Suryawanshi AND Irvin S.Y. Chen AND Jerome A. Zack AND Scott G. Kitchen AND Hans-Peter Kiem AND Christopher W. Peterson}, journal = {JCI Insight}, publisher = {The American Society for Clinical Investigation}, title = {Stem cell–derived CAR T cells traffic to HIV reservoirs in macaques}, year = {2021}, month = {1}, volume = {6}, url = {https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/141502}, abstract = {Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with CCR5– donor cells is the only treatment known to cure HIV-1 in patients with underlying malignancy. This is likely due to a donor cell–mediated graft-versus-host effect targeting HIV reservoirs. Allo-HSCT would not be an acceptable therapy for most people living with HIV due to the transplant-related side effects. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapies specifically traffic to malignant lymphoid tissues (lymphomas) and, in some settings, are able to replace allo-HSCT. Here, we quantified the engraftment of HSC-derived, virus-directed CAR T cells within HIV reservoirs in a macaque model of HIV infection, using potentially novel IHC assays. HSC-derived CAR cells trafficked to and displayed multilineage engraftment within tissue-associated viral reservoirs, persisting for nearly 2 years in lymphoid germinal centers, the brain, and the gastrointestinal tract. Our findings demonstrate that HSC-derived CAR+ cells reside long-term and proliferate in numerous tissues relevant for HIV infection and cancer.}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1172/jci.insight.141502}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.141502}, }